Matsushima Bay: Exploring One of Japan’s Three Most Scenic Views

Introduction: The Natural Splendor of Sendai’s Surroundings

While Sendai itself offers the urban comforts and cultural richness of a major Japanese city, it’s the natural wonders surrounding this Tohoku metropolis that truly set it apart. Chief among these is Matsushima Bay (松島湾), celebrated as one of Japan’s Three Great Views (日本三景, Nihon Sankei) alongside Miyajima in Hiroshima and Amanohashidate in Kyoto. Just 30 minutes from downtown Sendai, this breathtaking coastal landscape offers visitors a perfect blend of natural beauty, historical significance, and cultural heritage.

Beyond Matsushima, the Sendai region is blessed with an abundance of natural treasures – from therapeutic hot springs (onsen) nestled in forested valleys to spectacular gorges, waterfalls, and mountain trails. This comprehensive guide explores the natural splendors surrounding Sendai, with special focus on Matsushima Bay and the region’s renowned hot spring resorts, providing everything you need to plan an unforgettable nature-focused excursion in this often-overlooked corner of Japan.

Table of Contents

1. Matsushima Bay: Japan’s Celebrated Coastal Landscape
2. Exploring the Islands of Matsushima
3. Historical and Cultural Attractions in Matsushima
4. Healing Waters: Onsen Experiences Near Sendai
5. Akiu Onsen: Forest Bathing and Hot Springs
6. Sakunami Onsen: Tradition Along the Hirose River
7. Naruko Gorge and Its Five Hot Springs
8. Other Natural Highlights Around Sendai
9. Seasonal Natural Phenomena
10. Practical Travel Tips
11. Frequently Asked Questions

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Matsushima Bay: Japan’s Celebrated Coastal Landscape

The Geography of Matsushima

Matsushima Bay is characterized by its 260 pine-covered islands (shima) of various sizes scattered across a calm, protected bay. These islands, formed through volcanic activity and erosion over thousands of years, create a picturesque seascape that has inspired poets, artists, and travelers for centuries.

The bay is sheltered by the Oshika Peninsula, creating relatively calm waters that allowed the pine trees to establish themselves on even the smallest rocky outcroppings. Each island has a unique shape and character, with many bearing descriptive names reflecting their appearance:

• Niojima (Mirror Island): Known for its reflective quality on calm days
• Kanejima (Bell Island): Resembles a traditional Japanese bell
• Futagojima (Twin Islands): Two nearly identical islands side by side
• Oshima (Large Island): The largest island in the bay, accessible by bridge

Historical Significance

Matsushima’s beauty is not a recently discovered secret. It has been celebrated in Japanese culture for centuries:

• Poetry: The 17th-century haiku master Matsuo Basho famously visited Matsushima, though he was reportedly so overwhelmed by its beauty that he was unable to compose a poem about it
• Painting: Numerous traditional Japanese artists have depicted Matsushima in woodblock prints and paintings
• Imperial Recognition: Historically visited by emperors and nobility
• Cultural Protection: Designated as a Place of Scenic Beauty and included in the Matsushima Prefectural Natural Park

The “Nihon Sankei” Recognition

Being named one of Japan’s Three Great Views (Nihon Sankei) places Matsushima in distinguished company:

• This classification dates back to 1643 when the scholar Hayashi Gaho named what he considered Japan’s three most beautiful scenic views
• The three views (Matsushima, Miyajima, and Amanohashidate) all feature unique land-water interactions
• Unlike many modern “best of” lists, this classification has remained unchanged for nearly 400 years, speaking to Matsushima’s timeless appeal

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Exploring the Islands of Matsushima

Bay Cruises

The most popular and comprehensive way to experience Matsushima is via sightseeing boat cruises:

• Standard Cruise: 50-minute tour circling the central islands of the bay
  • Departs from Matsushima Pier every 30-60 minutes
  • Costs approximately 1,500 yen per adult
  • Audio guides in multiple languages explain the names and legends of various islands
• Niojima Course: Shorter 25-minute cruise focusing on the eastern part of the bay
  • Perfect for visitors with limited time
  • Costs approximately 1,000 yen per adult
• Sunset Cruises: Special evening departures during summer months
  • Offers spectacular views of the islands silhouetted against the setting sun
  • Advanced booking recommended

Island Exploration

Several of Matsushima’s islands are accessible to visitors:

Fukuura Island (福浦島)

• Connected to the mainland by a 252-meter red bridge
• Features a 1.5km walking path circling the island
• Offers excellent views of the bay from multiple viewpoints
• Home to diverse plant life, including ancient pine trees
• Entrance fee: 200 yen (includes bridge crossing)

Oshima Island (大島)

• The largest island in the bay
• Connected by bridge from the Matsushima Kaigan area
• Contains short walking trails and viewing areas
• Free to access

Godaido Temple (五大堂)

• While technically a temple rather than a natural formation, this small island connected by a short bridge is integral to the Matsushima experience
• The current temple building dates from 1604, rebuilt by Date Masamune
• The bridge features intentional gaps between planks, said to help visitors focus their minds before reaching the sacred space

Best Viewpoints

There are several premier land-based viewpoints for appreciating Matsushima’s beauty:

• Saigyo Modoshi no Matsu Park: Elevated view of the central bay area
• Otakamori: The highest viewpoint (106m) offering panoramic vistas
• Tomiyama: Accessible viewpoint with excellent photography opportunities
• Tamonzan: Lesser-known viewpoint with fewer tourists

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Historical and Cultural Attractions in Matsushima

While natural beauty is Matsushima’s primary draw, the area’s cultural and historical sites enhance the visitor experience:

Zuiganji Temple (瑞巌寺)

• One of Tohoku’s most important Zen temples, founded in 828
• Extensively renovated by Date Masamune in the early 1600s
• Features exquisite painted sliding doors, cedar-lined approach, and traditional gardens
• Cave complex near the approach once used for ascetic practices
• Entrance fee: 700 yen

Entsuin Temple (円通院)

• Built in 1647 as a mausoleum for Date Mitsumune, grandson of Date Masamune
• Features a beautiful rose garden that combines Western influences with Japanese aesthetics
• Contains distinctive “Western Room” with Christian motifs, reflecting early European influences
• Entrance fee: 300 yen

Kanrantei Tea House (観瀾亭)

• Historic tea house originally built in Kyoto and later moved to Matsushima
• Offers magnificent views of the bay while enjoying traditional matcha tea
• Originally belonged to the feudal lord Date Masamune
• Tea experience: 700 yen (includes tea and traditional sweet)

Matsushima History and Culture Museum

• Small but informative museum detailing the area’s natural formation and cultural significance
• Features artistic depictions of Matsushima through the ages
• Displays items related to Date Masamune and the region’s development
• Entrance fee: 300 yen

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Healing Waters: Onsen Experiences Near Sendai

The Sendai region is blessed with numerous hot springs (onsen), each with distinctive properties and settings. These natural thermal waters offer not just relaxation but are valued for their therapeutic benefits.

Understanding Onsen Culture

For international visitors new to onsen, these Japanese hot springs involve specific customs and etiquette:

• Bathing Nude: Onsen bathing is done without swimwear (although some modern facilities may offer private baths where swimwear is permitted)
• Washing Before Entry: Bathers thoroughly wash at washing stations before entering the communal baths
• Segregated Bathing: Most onsen have separate male and female bathing areas
• Tattoo Restrictions: Traditionally, many onsen prohibited tattoos (associated with yakuza), though attitudes are gradually changing at tourist-friendly establishments
• Health Considerations: Those with heart conditions, high blood pressure, or who are intoxicated should exercise caution; pregnant women should consult doctors

Types of Onsen Waters

Different onsen areas feature waters with varying mineral compositions and purported health benefits:

• Sulfur Springs (硫黄泉): Distinctive eggy smell; beneficial for skin conditions and arthritis
• Alkaline Springs (アルカリ泉): Leaves skin feeling smooth; good for eczema and dry skin
• Iron Springs (鉄泉): Reddish-brown water; beneficial for anemia and menstrual disorders
• Sodium Chloride Springs (塩化物泉): Similar to seawater; retains heat well and helps with cold sensitivity

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Akiu Onsen: Forest Bathing and Hot Springs

Just 30 minutes from central Sendai lies Akiu Onsen, one of the most accessible and popular hot spring resorts in the region.

About Akiu Onsen

• History: Over 1,500 years of recorded history, mentioned in ancient chronicles
• Setting: Nestled in a forested valley along the Natori River
• Water Properties: Alkaline waters particularly beneficial for skin conditions and muscle pain
• Accessibility: Easily reached by bus from Sendai Station (30-40 minutes)

Top Ryokan and Bathing Facilities

1. Sakan (佐勘)

• Historic ryokan operating since 1716
• Multiple indoor and outdoor baths with river views
• Full-service accommodation with traditional kaiseki dining
• Day bathing available from 10:00-15:00 (2,000 yen)
• Price range: 20,000-40,000 yen per person (with meals)

2. Akiu Grand Hotel (秋保グランドホテル)

• Modern facilities with both traditional and contemporary design elements
• Large outdoor bath overlooking the forest
• Family-friendly with private bath options
• Price range: 15,000-30,000 yen per person (with meals)

3. Akiu Onsen Kirakuya (秋保温泉旅館きらくや)

• Boutique ryokan with personalized service
• Intimate bathing experience with natural stone baths
• Excellent local cuisine focusing on seasonal ingredients
• Price range: 18,000-35,000 yen per person (with meals)

4. Akiu Onsen Public Bath House (秋保温泉公衆浴場)

• Affordable option for day visitors
• Simple facilities with indoor communal baths
• Entrance fee: 500 yen
• Open 10:00-20:00 (closed Wednesdays)

Beyond the Baths: Akiu Attractions

Akiu Great Falls (秋保大滝)

• One of Japan’s Top 100 Waterfalls
• 55-meter-high cascade surrounded by forested valley
• Viewing platform accessible via short walking trail
• Particularly spectacular during autumn foliage season
• 10-minute bus ride from Akiu Onsen area

Akiu Traditional Craft Village (秋保工芸の里)

• Showcases local crafts including kokeshi doll making
• Offers hands-on workshops (reservation recommended)
• Features demonstrations by master craftspeople
• Adjacent to the Akiu Kokeshi Museum

Rairaikyo Gorge (磊々峡)

• Scenic gorge with unusual rock formations
• 2.5km hiking trail alongside Natori River
• Particularly beautiful during green season (May-July) and autumn
• Accessible on foot from central Akiu Onsen

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Sakunami Onsen: Tradition Along the Hirose River

Located in the mountains northwest of Sendai, Sakunami Onsen offers a more secluded hot spring experience with a traditional atmosphere.

About Sakunami Onsen

• History: Discovered in the early Edo period, developed as a therapeutic bath
• Setting: Mountainous location along the upper Hirose River
• Water Properties: Calcium-sodium sulfate springs, known for treating neuralgia and muscle pain
• Accessibility: 30 minutes by JR Senzan Line from Sendai Station

Notable Ryokan and Bathing Options

1. Iwamatsu (岩松旅館)

• Historic inn dating back to 1884
• Wooden architecture with traditional design
• Outdoor bath with views of surrounding forest
• Price range: 15,000-25,000 yen per person (with meals)

2. Yunohara Hotel (ゆの原ホテル)

• Larger facility with multiple bath types
• Both indoor and outdoor bathing options
• Modern rooms available alongside traditional
• Price range: 13,000-28,000 yen per person (with meals)

3. Katakuri no Yado (かたくりの宿)

• Intimate ryokan with personalized service
• Known for its seasonal kaiseki cuisine
• Peaceful setting with river views
• Price range: 16,000-30,000 yen per person (with meals)

Surrounding Attractions

Nikka Whisky Miyagikyo Distillery

• Founded by Japanese whisky pioneer Masataka Taketsuru
• Offers tours explaining the whisky-making process
• Includes complimentary tasting session
• Located near Sakunami Station
• Free admission (tours require reservation)

Hirose River Valley Hiking

• Various trails of different difficulty levels
• Beautiful riverside scenery, especially during autumn
• Accessible directly from most Sakunami ryokan

Shiwahiko Shrine (志波彦神社)

• Ancient shrine in peaceful forest setting
• Said to bring good fortune in relationships
• 15-minute walk from Sakunami Station

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Naruko Gorge and Its Five Hot Springs

Further from Sendai but worth the journey, Naruko offers both spectacular natural scenery and diverse hot spring experiences.

Naruko Gorge (鳴子峡)

• Dramatic 100-meter-deep gorge carved by the Oyagawa River
• Famous for spectacular autumn colors (peak in late October to early November)
• Observation points offering sweeping views of the valley
• 10-minute walk from Naruko-Onsen Station

The Five Hot Springs of Naruko

Naruko is actually a collection of five distinct hot spring areas, each with different water properties:

1. Naruko Onsen (鳴子温泉)

• The main hot spring area with numerous ryokan and public baths
• Highly sulfuric waters with distinctive aroma
• Good for skin ailments and arthritis

2. Higashi-Naruko Onsen (東鳴子温泉)

• Located on the eastern side of the area
• Strong alkaline waters leaving skin silky smooth
• More secluded atmosphere

3. Kawatabi Onsen (川渡温泉)

• Oldest of the Naruko onsen areas, established over 1,000 years ago
• Sodium chloride waters good for circulation
• Agricultural setting with rural atmosphere

4. Nakayamadaira Onsen (中山平温泉)

• High-altitude location offering cooler summer temperatures
• Acidic waters with perceived benefits for digestive issues
• Surrounded by hiking trails

5. Onikobe Onsen (鬼首温泉)

• Most remote of the five areas
• Located near volcanic activity
• Strong, highly acidic waters in rustic setting

Recommended Accommodation in Naruko

1. Naruko Hotel (鳴子ホテル)

• Historic property with over 100 years of operation
• Multiple bath types allowing sampling of different waters
• Traditional architecture with modern amenities
• Price range: 15,000-30,000 yen per person (with meals)

2. Ohnuma (大沼旅館)

• Family-run ryokan with intimate atmosphere
• Direct access to highly sulfuric waters
• Excellent homestyle local cuisine
• Price range: 12,000-20,000 yen per person (with meals)

3. Taki no Yu (滝の湯)

• Historic public bath house also offering accommodations
• One of the oldest continually operating baths in the area
• Affordable option with authentic experience
• Public bath entrance: 500 yen
• Accommodation from 10,000 yen per person

Cultural Attractions in Naruko

Naruko Traditional Kokeshi Museum (鳴子こけし館)

• Showcases the area’s famous traditional wooden dolls
• Displays historical evolution of the craft
• Live demonstrations by master craftspeople
• Small workshop where visitors can paint their own kokeshi
• Entrance fee: 300 yen

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Other Natural Highlights Around Sendai

Beyond Matsushima and the region’s hot springs, several other natural attractions merit exploration:

Okama Crater Lake (御釜)

• Stunning crater lake at Mt. Zao with emerald-blue waters
• Color changes depending on weather and sunlight conditions
• Located at 1,560 meters above sea level
• Accessible by bus from Sendai during summer and autumn
• Winter access limited due to heavy snowfall

Zao Fox Village (蔵王きつね村)

• Unique animal sanctuary home to over 100 foxes
• Foxes roam freely in a natural forest environment
• Located in the mountains near Mt. Zao
• Entrance fee: 1,000 yen
• Best visited in morning when foxes are most active

Michinoku Coastal Trail

• Long-distance hiking trail running along the Pacific coast
• Created as part of reconstruction efforts after the 2011 tsunami
• Connects communities and showcases coastal recovery
• Various sections suitable for day hikes from Sendai
• Offers views of rugged coastline and fishing villages

Sendai’s Urban Nature: Hirose River and Nishi Park

Even within Sendai city, natural attractions abound:

• Hirose River Park: Linear park running through central Sendai with cherry trees
• Nishi Park: Elevated park offering views of the city and seasonal flowers
• Tsutsujigaoka Park: Famous for 1,000+ azalea bushes blooming in spring

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Seasonal Natural Phenomena

The Sendai region’s natural attractions transform dramatically with the seasons:

Spring (March-May)

• Cherry Blossoms: Typically blooming in early April along Hirose River and at Tsutsujigaoka Park
• Ishinomaki Manga Road Cherry Blossoms: Spectacular tunnel of cherry trees near Matsushima
• Fresh Greenery: Vibrant new growth in Matsushima’s pine islands
• Spring Flowers: Azaleas at Nishi Park and Tsutsujigaoka Park (May)

Summer (June-August)

• Firefly Viewing: Especially around Akiu area in June
• Clear Bay Waters: Ideal conditions for Matsushima cruises with high visibility
• Summer Festivals: Many outdoor celebrations in natural settings
• Hiking Season: Comfortable temperatures in higher elevations like Mt. Zao

Autumn (September-November)

• Naruko Gorge Autumn Colors: Spectacular foliage from late October to early November
• Akiu Valley Foliage: Easier access from Sendai with beautiful colors
• Matsushima Fall Foliage: The contrast of red maples against evergreen pines
• Harvest Moon Viewing: Special events at Matsushima in mid-autumn

Winter (December-February)

• Snow Monsters (Juhyo): Formed on Mt. Zao when snow and ice create sculptures on trees
• Winter Illuminations: Many onsen towns feature light displays
• Steam Rising from Onsen: Particularly atmospheric in cold weather
• Clear Winter Vistas: Crisp air offers exceptional visibility from viewpoints

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Practical Travel Tips

Getting Around

To Matsushima

• By Train: JR Senseki Line from Sendai Station to Matsushima-Kaigan Station (35 minutes)
• By Sightseeing Bus: Direct buses from Sendai Station East Exit (50 minutes)
• Recommended: The JR Senseki-Tohoku Line that opened in 2015 provides a faster direct connection

To Akiu Onsen

• By Bus: Regular service from Sendai Station West Exit (40 minutes)
• By Taxi: Approximately 6,000 yen from central Sendai
• By Rental Car: 30-minute drive with good parking facilities

To Sakunami Onsen

• By Train: JR Senzan Line from Sendai to Sakunami Station (30 minutes)
• From Station: Most ryokan offer pick-up service (reservation required)

To Naruko Gorge

• By Train: JR Tohoku Line to Furukawa, then JR Rikuu East Line to Naruko-Onsen (90 minutes total)
• By Highway Bus: Direct buses from Sendai Station (120 minutes)

Best Times to Visit

• Matsushima: Year-round attraction with each season offering different charms; avoid Golden Week (early May) and Obon (mid-August) for smaller crowds
• Hot Springs: Most atmospheric in autumn and winter, though summer offers relief from humidity in mountain areas
• Naruko Gorge: Peak autumn colors typically last only 2-3 weeks from late October to early November
• Weekday Advantage: All natural attractions are significantly less crowded on weekdays

What to Bring

• For Onsen Visits: Small towel for washing, larger towel for drying (though most facilities provide or rent these)
• For Hiking: Sturdy footwear, layered clothing, insect repellent (summer)
• For Matsushima: Sunscreen and hat for boat cruises, camera with wide-angle lens
• Seasonal Items: Umbrella during rainy season (June), warm clothing for autumn/winter visits

Accessibility Information

• Matsushima: Major viewpoints and cruise boats are wheelchair accessible; some smaller islands are not
• Onsen Access: Many larger facilities have wheelchair-accessible bathing options or private baths
• Naruko Gorge: Main observation deck is accessible, though some viewpoints require stair climbing
• Transportation: JR trains accommodate wheelchairs; advance notice helpful for bus services

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Frequently Asked Questions

General Questions

Q: How far is Matsushima from Sendai?
A: Matsushima is approximately 25km from central Sendai, taking about 35 minutes by train or 50 minutes by bus.

Q: Is it possible to see Matsushima as a day trip from Tokyo?
A: Yes, but it makes for a very long day. Take the Tohoku Shinkansen to Sendai (90-120 minutes), then the local train to Matsushima (35 minutes). Consider staying overnight in Sendai or at an onsen for a more relaxed experience.

Q: When is the best time of year to visit these natural attractions?
A: Each season offers different highlights: spring for cherry blossoms, summer for lush greenery, autumn for spectacular foliage (especially at Naruko Gorge), and winter for snow scenes and atmospheric onsen experiences. For the most pleasant weather with fewer crowds, consider May-June or September-October.

Matsushima Questions

Q: How long does the Matsushima cruise take?
A: The standard course takes approximately 50 minutes, while the shorter course takes about 25 minutes.

Q: Can you swim at Matsushima Bay?
A: Swimming is not permitted in the main bay area where the sightseeing boats operate. There are some designated swimming beaches further out in the Matsushima area during summer.

Q: Which is better – viewing Matsushima from a boat or from land?
A: Ideally, both. The bay cruise offers unique perspectives of the islands from water level, while the viewpoints provide panoramic vistas. If time permits, a combination is recommended, starting with the elevated views followed by a cruise.

Onsen Questions

Q: Can foreigners with tattoos use the onsen?
A: This varies by establishment. More tourist-oriented facilities, especially larger hotels in Akiu, are increasingly accommodating. When in doubt, inquire in advance or look for places offering private bath options (family baths or kashikiri-buro).

Q: Do I need to make reservations for day use at onsen?
A: Public bath houses don’t require reservations. For day use at ryokan baths, reservations are recommended, especially on weekends and holidays.

Q: Which onsen area is most easily accessible from Sendai for a first-time visitor?
A: Akiu Onsen is the most convenient, just 30-40 minutes by bus from Sendai Station with regular service throughout the day. It offers a good combination of accessibility and authentic onsen experience.

Seasonal Questions

Q: When exactly do the autumn colors peak at Naruko Gorge?
A: This varies slightly year by year based on weather conditions, but typically peaks between October 25 and November 5. The Naruko Tourist Association provides weekly updates on foliage conditions during autumn.

Q: Are there winter closures for any of these attractions?
A: Matsushima Bay cruises operate year-round, though with reduced frequency in winter. Some mountain onsen areas may have limited access during heavy snowfall. The Okama Crater Lake area is closed in winter (typically December-April).

Conclusion: Nature’s Masterpieces Around Sendai

The natural attractions surrounding Sendai offer a perfect counterpoint to the city’s urban appeal. From the timeless beauty of Matsushima Bay’s pine-covered islands to the therapeutic waters of the region’s diverse hot springs, visitors can experience some of Japan’s most celebrated natural landscapes while enjoying the convenience of proximity to a major urban center.

What makes these natural attractions particularly special is their deep integration with Japanese culture and history. Matsushima isn’t just a pretty seascape; it’s a place that has inspired poets and artists for centuries, its islands dotted with historic temples and shrines. Similarly, the onsen around Sendai aren’t merely places to bathe; they’re living traditions carrying centuries of cultural practices and community life.

Whether you’re seeking the perfect photograph, historical insights, spiritual contemplation, or simply relaxation in nature’s embrace, the natural wonders around Sendai reward visitors with experiences that remain vivid in memory long after returning home. These landscapes offer not just scenic beauty but a deeper connection to the heart of Japanese cultural aesthetics and the country’s enduring relationship with its natural environment.

Last updated: March 2025

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For more information on natural attractions around Sendai, visit the Sendai Tourism Information Center at Sendai Station.